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In what settings do MRSA skin infections occur?
• MRSA skin infections can occur anywhere.
• Some settings have factors that make it easier for MRSA to be transmitted.
• These factors, referred to as the 5 Cs, are as follows: Crowding, frequent skin-to-skin Contact, Compromised skin (i.e., cuts or abrasions), Contaminated items and surfaces, and lack of Cleanliness.
CDC
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is the cause of "serum hepatitis" or hepatitis B. Human hepatitis B virus is the prototype virus of the Hepadnavirus family and is a DNA virus (partly double stranded). The complete virus or virion is called a Dane particle (approx. 40 nanometers in diameter). The virus attacks the liver, producing liver inflammation, flu-like symptoms, followed by jaundice. The inflammation is the immune response to the virus invading liver cells and replicating. The virus has a coat (capsid) bearing surface glycoproteins, which the body detects as foreign substances (antigenic determinants). It is spread by infected blood through blood transfusions, tattooing, acupuncture, and needle sharing by intravenous drug abusers. Hepatitis B is also a sexually transmitted disease. Hepatitis C (HCV) is similar in morphology to Hepatitis B. It however belongs to the Flavivirus family and is an RNA virus (single stranded; yellow fever is prototype). Hepatitis C virus is associated with chronic liver disease and also with primary liver cancer in some countries. It is most commonly spread by blood contact, through blood transfusions or shared infected needles. It causes inflammation of the liver with jaundice and flu-like symptoms. Four million Americans are infected with hepatitis C. There is currently no vaccine for hepatitis C.
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